What is Transformer ?

A Transformer is a static electrical machine which transfers AC electrical power from one circuit to the other circuit at the constant frequency, but the voltage level can be altered that means voltage can be increased or decreased according to the requirement.

It works on the principle of Faraday’s Law of Electromagnetic Induction which states that “ the magnitude of voltage is directly proportional to the rate of change of flux.”

Construction of a Transformer

It mainly consists of

1.     Magnetic circuit (consisting of core, limbs, yoke and damping structure).

2.     Electrical circuit (consisting of primary and secondary windings)

3.     Dielectric circuit (consisting of insulations in different forms and used at different places)

4.     Tanks and accessories (conservator, breather, bushings, cooling tubes, etc.)

Types of Transformer

The various types are described below

1.     Position of the windings concerning the core

·         Core type

·         Shell type

2.     According to the transformation ratio or number of turns in the windings

·         Step up

·         Step down

3. Types of services

·         Power transformer

·         Distribution transformer

·         Instrument transformer

·         Current transformer

·         Potential transformer

·         Auto-transformer

4. On the basis of the supply

·         Single-phase

·         Three-phase

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